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A Guide on Integrating Change Management with Scaled Agile for Seamless Product Delivery – Part 1

A Guide on Integrating Change Management with Scaled Agile for Seamless Product Delivery – Part 1

by | Agile, Guides, Uncategorized

The need for organizations to remain flexible and responsive to market demands has never been more critical, and scaled agile (SAFe) provide the framework to achieve this. Integrating change management work with SAFe is essential for seamless product delivery but yet is not clearly articulated in literature. However, for agile product delivery to be successful, it must be supported by robust change management work steps.  Those that not ensures that all stakeholders are aligned and engaged throughout the process and also that the consecutive changes delivered are adopted. Let’s explore how change managers can effectively integrate their approaches with scaled agile methodologies to enhance product delivery.

Understanding the Intersection of Change Management and Agile

Change management and agile methodologies both aim to facilitate successful project outcomes, but they approach this goal from different angles. Change management focuses on the people side of change, ensuring that stakeholders are prepared, equipped, and supported throughout the transition through to benefit realisation. Agile methodologies, on the other hand, emphasize iterative development, continuous feedback, and rapid adaptation to change.  

Whilst SAFe acknowledges the importance of managing the people side of change and leading the change, it does not spell out how exactly this work should be integrated with the methodology in a detailed manner. References to change tends to be at a high level and focuses on communication and readiness activities.

What are key call outs of the SAFe methodology:

1) Lean-Agile Principles: SAFe is grounded in Lean-Agile principles such as building incrementally with fast, integrated learning cycles, basing milestones on objective evaluation, and making value flow without interruptions. These principles help ensure continuous improvement and adaptability​

2) Organizational Agility: To remain competitive, enterprises must be agile. SAFe enhances organizational agility by fostering Lean-thinking people and Agile teams, promoting strategic agility, and implementing Lean business operations​

3)  Lean Portfolio Management: Aligns strategy and execution by applying Lean and systems thinking. It includes strategy and investment funding, Agile portfolio operations, and Lean governance to ensure that the portfolio is aligned and funded to meet business goals​

4)  Continuous Learning Culture: Encourages a set of values and practices that promote ongoing learning and improvement. This culture is crucial for adapting to changes and fostering innovation within the organization​ 

5) Agile Teams: Agile teams in SAFe operate using methods like SAFe Scrum or SAFe Team Kanban. These teams are responsible for understanding customer needs, planning their work, and delivering value continuously through iterative processes​ 

6)  Built-in Quality: Emphasizes the importance of quality at all stages of development. Practices include shift-left testing, peer reviews, and automation to ensure high standards and reduce defects early in the process​ 

7)  Value Stream Management (VSM): Focuses on optimizing the flow of value across the entire portfolio. VSM helps organizations improve their value delivery processes by managing and monitoring value streams effectively​ (Scaled Agile Framework)​.

8) Lean-Agile Leadership: Leaders play a critical role in fostering a Lean-Agile mindset. They must model the values and principles of SAFe, provide guidance, and create an environment that supports Agile teams and continuous improvement​

9)  Decentralized Decision-Making: Promotes faster value delivery by empowering teams to make decisions locally. This reduces delays, enhances product development flow, and fosters innovation​ 

10)  Customer-Centric Approach: Agile teams are encouraged to maintain close collaboration with customers to understand their needs better and ensure that solutions deliver real value. Techniques like direct customer interaction and feedback loops are essential​ 

Below is a diagram from Scaled Agile Frameworks on key elements of a scaled agile product delivery framework.

Agile-Style Deliverable Artefacts

To support agile product delivery, change managers need to create agile-style deliverable artefacts early in the product delivery cycle. These artefacts serve as essential tools for aligning the team, stakeholders, and the overall change initiative with agile principles.  They are significantly ‘lighter’ in volume and more succinct in focusing on key analysis points that determine approaches and actions required to plan and implement the change.

Change artefact 1: Change Canvas

An Agile Change Canvas is a strategic tool designed to plan, manage, and communicate change initiatives effectively within an organization. It begins with basic identification details such as the Project NameBusiness Owner, and Author. This section ensures clear accountability and ownership from the outset.

The Change Vision & Objectives outlines the overarching project objectives and intended outcomes of the project. This architecture vision acts as a guiding star, ensuring all actions align with the desired future state of the organization. Following this, Core Challenges are identified to highlight potential obstacles that could impede progress. Recognizing these challenges early allows for proactive mitigation strategies.

Stakeholder Impacts analyses how different stakeholders will be affected by the change. This includes assessing both the positive and negative impacts on employees, customers, and shareholders, ensuring that their concerns are addressed and their needs met. 

The Key Milestones section, presented in a table format, outlines significant checkpoints in the project timeline, often represented in Gantt charts. Each milestone is associated with a particular function, ensuring that progress is measurable and trackable. Similarly, the Resources section details the necessary financial, human, and technological resources required to implement the change, ensuring that the project scope statement is adequately supported.

Why Change section provides the rationale behind the need for change, which could include market demands, competitive pressures, or internal inefficiencies. This section justifies the project’s existence and urgency. Complementarily, What Will Change (WWC) describes the specific changes to be implemented, including processes, technologies, behaviours, and structures, offering a clear picture of the project’s scope.

Key Metrics are identified to measure the success of the change initiative. These metrics are both quantitative and qualitative, providing a comprehensive view of the project’s impact. Change Interventions listed in a table format, detail specific actions or initiatives designed to facilitate the change, ensuring a structured approach to implementation.

To foster a culture of innovation and adaptation, Change Experiments are proposed. These pilot programs test aspects of the change in a controlled environment before full-scale implementation. Finally, Change Risks identifies potential risks associated with the change and outlines strategies for mitigating these risks, ensuring that the project can navigate potential pitfalls effectively.

By incorporating these elements, the Agile Change Canvas provides a comprehensive framework for managing change initiatives, ensuring that all critical aspects are considered, planned for, and communicated effectively to stakeholders.

For a template of the Change Canvas check it out here.

Change artefact 2: Kanban boards of Changes

Using a Kanban board for change management activities provides a visual and dynamic method for tracking, prioritizing, and managing the flow of work while implementing changes. A Kanban board typically consists of columns that represent different stages of work, such as “To Do,” “In Progress,” and “Done.” For change management, additional columns might include “Proposed Changes,” “Under Review,” “Implementation Planning,” and “Monitoring.”

Whilst most change practitioners are used to kanban boards In working with various change management activities, there is opportunity to use kanban to plan and prioritise a series of agile-style changes and the associated change activities with each change.  These ‘change cards’ within the kanban board presents a clear way to visualise a series of changes across the ‘delivery train’ where the project team continuously delivers pieces of change.

Prioritizing Change Management Activities

  1. Visualizing Workflow:
  2. Proposed Changes: This column lists all suggested changes, each represented by a card detailing the change’s purpose, impacted areas, and expected benefits.
  3. Under Review: Changes move here once they are being evaluated for feasibility, risks, and alignment with project goals.
  4. Implementation Planning: Approved changes are further detailed, including resource allocation, timelines, and specific tasks needed for implementation.
  5. In Progress: Changes that are actively being worked on are tracked here, showing current status and any blockers encountered.
  6. Monitoring: Recently implemented changes are monitored to ensure they are delivering the expected outcomes and to identify any issues early.
  7. Done: Fully implemented and stabilized changes are moved here, marking their successful completion.
  8. Setting Priorities:
  9. Value and Impact: In conjunction with the project team prioritize changes based on their potential value and impact. High-value changes that significantly improve project outcomes or stakeholder satisfaction should be addressed first.  From a change perspective, the input here is about the readiness of the stakeholder to receive the change, and what timing and work is required to get there.
  10. Urgency and Dependencies: Changes that unblock other work or are time-sensitive should be prioritized. Dependencies between changes must be mapped to ensure logical sequencing.  For example, work required to lift capability/leadership or readiness may be critical dependencies, without which the change cannot be delivered successfully.
  11. Feasibility and Risk: Assess the feasibility and risks associated with each change. High-risk assessment of changes might require more careful planning and monitoring but should not necessarily be deprioritized if their impact is critical.  The change input here is the people impact for the impacted stakeholders with other changes not just within this project/program, but with the overall portfolio or even outside the portfolio (including business-driven changes).
  12. Proposed Changes: This column lists all suggested changes, each represented by a card detailing the change’s purpose, impacted areas, and expected benefits.
  13. Under Review: Changes move here once they are being evaluated for feasibility, risks, and alignment with project goals.
  14. Implementation Planning: Approved changes are further detailed, including resource allocation, timelines, and specific tasks needed for implementation.
  15. In Progress: Changes that are actively being worked on are tracked here, showing current status and any blockers encountered.
  16. Monitoring: Recently implemented changes are monitored to ensure they are delivering the expected outcomes and to identify any issues early.
  17. Done: Fully implemented and stabilized changes are moved here, marking their successful completion.
  18. Value and Impact: In conjunction with the project team prioritize changes based on their potential value and impact. High-value changes that significantly improve project outcomes or stakeholder satisfaction should be addressed first.  From a change perspective, the input here is about the readiness of the stakeholder to receive the change, and what timing and work is required to get there.
  19. Urgency and Dependencies: Changes that unblock other work or are time-sensitive should be prioritized. Dependencies between changes must be mapped to ensure logical sequencing.  For example, work required to lift capability/leadership or readiness may be critical dependencies, without which the change cannot be delivered successfully.
  20. Feasibility and Risk: Assess the feasibility and risks associated with each change. High-risk changes might require more careful planning and monitoring but should not necessarily be deprioritized if their impact is critical.  The change input here is the people impact for the impacted stakeholders with other changes not just within this project/program, but with the overall portfolio or even outside the portfolio (including business-driven changes).

Ordering Change Planning and Implementation

Collaborative Planning:

Engage stakeholders and team members in planning sessions to discuss and agree on the priority of changes. This collaborative approach ensures that all perspectives are considered and that there is buy-in from those affected by the changes.  This includes change champions.

Regular Review and Adaptation:

The Kanban board should be regularly reviewed and updated, within the change team and within the project team. During these reviews, re-prioritize changes based on new information, shifting project needs, and feedback from implemented changes. This iterative approach aligns with Agile principles of flexibility and continuous improvement.

Limit Work in Progress (WIP):

To avoid overloading the change team and ensure focus, limit the number of changes in progress at any given time. This constraint encourages the team to complete current tasks before taking on new ones, promoting a steady and manageable workflow.

Use Metrics and Feedback:

  1. Utilize metrics such as cycle time (how long a change takes to move from start to finish, from awareness to engagement to eventual adoption) and work with the project team on the throughput (how many changes are completed in a specific timeframe) to assess the efficiency of the change management process.  For example, based on the size and complexity of each discrete piece of change delivered, how long did this take and what was the deviance from actual time period planned? Feedback from these metrics should inform decisions about prioritization and process adjustments.
  2. Engage stakeholders and team members in planning sessions to discuss and agree on the priority of changes. This collaborative approach ensures that all perspectives are considered and that there is buy-in from those affected by the changes.  This includes change champions.
  3. The Kanban board should be regularly reviewed and updated, within the change team and within the project team. During these reviews, re-prioritize changes based on new information, shifting project needs, and feedback from implemented changes. This iterative approach aligns with Agile principles of flexibility and continuous improvement.
  4. To avoid overloading the change team and ensure focus, limit the number of changes in progress at any given time. This constraint encourages the team to complete current tasks before taking on new ones, promoting a steady and manageable workflow.
  5. Utilize metrics such as cycle time (how long a change takes to move from start to finish, from awareness to engagement to eventual adoption) and work with the project team on the throughput (how many changes are completed in a specific timeframe) to assess the efficiency of the change management process.  For example, based on the size and complexity of each discrete piece of change delivered, how long did this take and what was the deviance from actual time period planned? Feedback from these metrics should inform decisions about prioritization and process adjustments.

Benefits of Using Kanban for Change Management

Implementing a Kanban board for change management in Agile projects offers several benefits:

  1. Transparency: Everyone involved can see the status of change activities, leading to better communication and coordination.
  2. Flexibility: The board can be easily adjusted to reflect changing priorities and project dynamics.
  3. Focus: Limiting WIP helps the team maintain focus and reduces the risk of burnout and task switching.
  4. Continuous Improvement: Regular reviews and adaptations promote a culture of continuous improvement, ensuring that change management processes evolve and improve over time.

Change artefact example 3: Change Impact Assessment

A Change Impact Assessment (CIA) is an essential component in managing organizational change, particularly in agile projects where the focus is on iterative and incremental improvements. The assessment helps to understand the scope and magnitude of the change, identify affected stakeholders, and plan interventions to manage impacts effectively.  An agile-friendly CIA is more summarised, and gets to the heart of what the impact is, who is impacted, how, to what extent, and when.

Below are the core elements of a change impact assessment, with a comparison to traditional methods:

1. Identifying the Impacts

Agile Approach: In scaled agile projects, the impact identification is ongoing and iterative. Each sprint or iteration is reviewed to assess the impacts of delivered changes. This dynamic approach ensures that emerging impacts are quickly recognized and addressed.

Traditional Approach: Impact identification is typically conducted at the beginning of the project, with periodic reviews. This method can be less responsive to new impacts discovered during the project lifecycle.

2. Stakeholder Identification and Analysis

Agile Approach: Continuous stakeholder engagement is crucial. Stakeholders are regularly consulted, and their feedback is integrated into the process. Agile methods ensure that stakeholders’ changing needs and concerns are promptly addressed.

Traditional Approach: Stakeholder analysis is often conducted early in the project, with limited ongoing engagement. This can result in less adaptability to stakeholders’ evolving requirements.

3. Extent and Nature of Impacts

Agile Approach: The extent of impacts is assessed incrementally, considering the cumulative effect of changes over multiple iterations. This allows for a nuanced understanding of how impacts evolve over time.

Traditional Approach: Typically focuses on a comprehensive initial assessment, with less emphasis on the evolution of impacts throughout the project.

4. Timing of Impacts

Agile Approach: Timing is aligned with the iterative delivery schedule. The impacts are mapped to specific iterations or sprints, allowing for precise planning and mitigation.

Traditional Approach: Timing is generally assessed at the project level, which can make it harder to pinpoint when specific impacts will occur during the project lifecycle.

Typical Sections of an Agile Change Impact Assessment

  1. Impact Overview:
  2. Explanation: Summarizes the nature and scope of the change, providing a high-level view of the anticipated impacts.
  3. Agile Twist: Updated regularly with each iteration to reflect new findings and emerging impacts.
  4. Stakeholder Impact Analysis:
  5. Explanation: Identifies who will be affected by the change and how. It details the extent of the impact on different stakeholder groups.
  6. Agile Twist: Involves continuous stakeholder feedback and updates to capture evolving impacts.
  7. Impact Extent and Nature:
  8. Explanation: Describes the extent (e.g., minor, moderate, significant) and nature (e.g., process, technology, cultural) of the impacts.
  9. Agile Twist: Assessed incrementally, considering both immediate and long-term impacts across iterations.
  10. Impact Timing:
  11. Explanation: Specifies when the impacts are expected to occur, mapped to the project timeline.
  12. Agile Twist: Aligned with sprint or iteration schedules, allowing for detailed timing predictions.
  13. Mitigation Strategies:
  14. Explanation: Outlines plans to manage and mitigate identified impacts.
  15. Agile Twist: Adaptive strategies that are refined continuously based on iteration reviews and stakeholder feedback.
  16. Monitoring and Review:
  17. Explanation: Describes how the impacts will be monitored and reviewed throughout the project.
  18. Agile Twist: Continuous monitoring with iteration-end reviews to ensure timely identification and management of impacts.
  19. Explanation: Summarizes the nature and scope of the change, providing a high-level view of the anticipated impacts.
  20. Agile Twist: Updated regularly with each iteration to reflect new findings and emerging impacts.
  21. Explanation: Identifies who will be affected by the change and how. It details the extent of the impact on different stakeholder groups.
  22. Agile Twist: Involves continuous stakeholder feedback and updates to capture evolving impacts.
  23. Explanation: Describes the extent (e.g., minor, moderate, significant) and nature (e.g., process, technology, cultural) of the impacts.
  24. Agile Twist: Assessed incrementally, considering both immediate and long-term impacts across iterations.
  25. Explanation: Specifies when the impacts are expected to occur, mapped to the project timeline.
  26. Agile Twist: Aligned with sprint or iteration schedules, allowing for detailed timing predictions.
  27. Explanation: Outlines plans to manage and mitigate identified impacts.
  28. Agile Twist: Adaptive strategies that are refined continuously based on iteration reviews and stakeholder feedback.
  29. Explanation: Describes how the impacts will be monitored and reviewed throughout the project.
  30. Agile Twist: Continuous monitoring with iteration-end reviews to ensure timely identification and management of impacts.

To read more about agile tools for change managers, check out Five Agile Change Tool Kits.

Stakeholder Engagement in a Scaled Agile Environment

Planning and designing stakeholder engagement activities in a scaled agile environment requires a dynamic, iterative approach that contrasts significantly with traditional, non-agile methods. In SAFe, the focus is on continuous collaboration, transparency, and adaptability, ensuring that stakeholders are actively involved throughout the project lifecycle.

Iterative and Continuous Engagement

Scaled Agile Approach: Stakeholder engagement is an ongoing process. Agile frameworks emphasize regular touchpoints, such as sprint reviews, planning meetings, and daily stand-ups, where stakeholders can provide feedback and stay informed about progress. These frequent interactions ensure that stakeholder input is continuously integrated, enabling swift adjustments and alignment with evolving needs. This iterative approach fosters a collaborative environment where stakeholders feel valued and engaged throughout the project.  Engagement rhythms and processes should also be established not just at a project, but program, portfolio and enterprise levels as required.

Non-Agile Approach: Traditional methodologies often involve stakeholder engagement at fixed points in the project timeline, such as during initial requirements gathering, major milestone reviews, and final project delivery. This approach can lead to periods of limited communication and delayed feedback, which may result in misaligned expectations and missed opportunities for timely course corrections.

Flexibility and Adaptation

Scaled Agile Approach: Agile projects embrace change, allowing stakeholder engagement activities to be flexible and adaptive. As project requirements evolve, the engagement strategy can be adjusted to address new priorities or challenges. This flexibility ensures that stakeholder needs are consistently met, and any concerns are promptly addressed. Agile frameworks encourage a culture of openness and continuous improvement, where stakeholder feedback directly influences the direction of the project.  Change managers need to ensure that stakeholder understand this fully, and have the skills to work within this context, not just with the project team but in leading their teams through change, when ‘the change’ may be constantly shifting.

Non-Agile Approach: In contrast, traditional approaches tend to follow a rigid engagement plan that is set at the project’s outset. While this provides a clear structure, it can be less responsive to changing stakeholder needs or external conditions. Adjusting the engagement strategy mid-project can be challenging and may require significant effort, leading to delays and potential dissatisfaction among stakeholders.

Collaborative Tools and Techniques

Scaled Agile Approach: Agile environments leverage a variety of collaborative tools and techniques to enhance stakeholder engagement. Digital platforms such as Jira, Confluence, and Miro facilitate real-time collaboration, transparency, and documentation. Agile ceremonies, such as retrospectives and demos, provide structured opportunities for stakeholders to participate and contribute. These tools and techniques help maintain a high level of engagement and ensure that stakeholders have a clear view of project progress and challenges.

Non-Agile Approach: Traditional methods might rely more heavily on formal documentation and periodic reports for stakeholder communication. While these methods ensure thorough documentation, they can sometimes create barriers to real-time collaboration and immediate feedback. Meetings and reviews are often scheduled infrequently, which can lead to less dynamic interaction compared to agile practices.

Planning Stakeholder Engagement Activities

  1. Regular Touchpoints: Schedule frequent meetings and reviews to ensure continuous stakeholder involvement. Examples include sprint reviews, iteration planning meetings, and daily stand-ups.  Business-led rhythm that enable the dissemination and engagement of updates to teams is also critical.
  2. Flexible Engagement Plans: Develop engagement strategies that can be easily adapted based on stakeholder feedback and changing project requirements.
  3. Use of Collaborative Tools: Implement digital tools that facilitate real-time collaboration and transparency. Tools like Jira and Confluence can help keep stakeholders informed and involved.  Non-digital engagement tools may also be leveraged to fully engage with stakeholders, beyond one-way push communication.  Assessment needs to be made of the openness and ability to engage regarding the change through the chosen channels.
  4. Active Feedback Loops: Establish mechanisms for collecting and integrating stakeholder feedback continuously. This can be done through retrospectives, surveys, and informal check-ins.
  5. Clear Communication Channels: Maintain open and clear communication channels to ensure that stakeholders can easily provide input and receive updates on project progress.

As mentioned previously, the change approach, including engagement approaches, need to take into account the broader organisational context of program, portfolio and enterprise levels.  This may mean mapping out the various channels and how they can be used for different changes, stakeholders and organisational levels.

Supporting Agile Delivery Cadence

To align change management activities with agile delivery cadence, it’s essential to integrate them into the core agile events, such as PI (Program Increment) planning and demos. Here’s how:

PI Planning

PI planning, or program increment planning, is a critical event in the agile framework, where teams come together in the PI planning process to plan and commit to a set of objectives for the next increment. During PI planning sessions or PI planning events (including team breakouts), ensure that change management considerations are part of the discussion. This involves:

– Including Change Management Objectives within PI objectives and program vision: Ensure that change management objectives and organizational readiness are included in the PI planning agenda as a critical part of project management. This helps align the change activities with the overall delivery goals.

– Identifying Change Risks and Dependencies: Identify any dependencies related to the change initiative that may impact the delivery schedule and the overall agile release train. This ensures that potential risks are addressed early and do not disrupt the delivery process.  Common considerations include the various people change impacts across the program and how they intersect or overlap

– Engaging Stakeholders: Involve key stakeholders in the PI planning sessions. This ensures that not just product managers but business stakeholders understand the change objectives and are committed to supporting the change initiative during the implementation process.  PI planning is also a great opportunity to assess and see in action the level of engagement, support and potential leadership skills of key stakeholders to reach the common goals and business benefits.

Demos

Demos are an opportunity to showcase the progress of the agile teams and gather feedback from stakeholders as a part of the iteration plans and sprint planning. Use demos to communicate the benefits and progress of change initiatives within the entire agile release train. Engaging stakeholders in these demos can help them see the value and stay committed to the implementation plan. Here’s how:

– Highlighting Change Benefits: During demos, highlight the benefits of the change initiative and how it supports the overall product delivery goals. This helps stakeholders understand the value of the change and its impact on the project.

– Gathering Feedback: Use demos as an opportunity to gather feedback and user stories from stakeholders. This helps identify any concerns or areas for improvement and ensures that the change initiative remains aligned with stakeholder needs.

– Showcasing Progress: Showcase the progress of the change initiative during demos. This provides stakeholders with a clear understanding of how the change is evolving and the positive impact it is having on the project.

By embedding change management activities into these agile ceremonies, change managers can ensure that change initiatives are aligned with the delivery schedule and maintain stakeholder buy-in.

Implementing Change Activities as Small Experiments

One of the key principles of agile is to work in small increments and learn quickly. Change management activities can adopt this approach by implementing small experiments, such as:

Messaging

Test different communication messages to see which resonates best with stakeholders. Gather feedback and refine the messaging based on reactions. This iterative approach ensures that the communication strategy is effective and supports the change initiative. Consider the following:

– A/B Testing: Use A/B testing to evaluate different messages. This involves sending two variations of a message to different stakeholder groups and comparing the responses to determine which one is more effective.

– Feedback Collection: Collect feedback from stakeholders on the messaging. This can be done through surveys, focus groups, or informal conversations.

– Message Refinement: Refine the messaging based on the feedback received. This ensures that the communication remains relevant and impactful.

Stakeholder Involvement

Experiment with various levels of stakeholder involvement to determine the most effective way to engage them. Use these insights to inform future engagement and risk management strategies and your overall implementation strategy. Here’s how:

– Pilot Programs: Implement pilot programs with small groups of stakeholders to test different involvement strategies. This provides valuable insights into what works best and helps refine the engagement approach.

– Engagement Metrics: Track engagement metrics to evaluate the effectiveness of different involvement strategies. This includes participation rates, feedback quality, and overall stakeholder satisfaction.

– Iterative Adjustments: Make iterative adjustments to the involvement strategies based on the insights gained. This ensures that stakeholder engagement remains effective and aligned with the change initiative.

By treating change activities as experiments, change managers can adapt quickly to what works best, ensuring a smoother integration with the agile delivery process.

Best Practices for Integrating Change Management with Agile

Successfully integrating change management with agile methodologies requires a strategic approach. Here are some best practices to consider:

Foster Collaboration

Encourage collaboration between change managers and agile teams, as well as key business stakeholders within the business context. This helps ensure that different disciplines and functions are aligned and working towards the same goals. Consider the following strategies:

– Joint Planning Sessions: Conduct joint planning sessions to align change management activities with agile delivery approaches and schedules. This ensures that both disciplines are working towards the same objectives.

– Regular Communication: Establish regular communication channels between change managers and agile teams. This helps keep everyone informed and ensures that any issues or concerns are addressed promptly.  Specifically focus on various agile roles such as UX (user experience), business analysis, testing, and portfolio management.  There are key intersections of change work and each of these disciplines, beyond general project planning and coordination.

The below is an example of a portfolio level adoption dashboard from The Change Compass.

Enterprise change management dashboard

Change Data-Driven Insights is absolutely a Must-have for SAFe

In SAFe, change management driven by data insights is critical to ensure that changes are not only effective but also efficient and sustainable. Data-driven change management leverages quantitative and qualitative data to guide decisions, optimize processes, and align strategic goals across the organization. By incorporating metrics and analytics, organizations can gain a comprehensive understanding of the impact and progress of change initiatives, allowing for timely adjustments and informed decision-making.

At the portfolio level within a SAFe setting, data-driven insights are essential for prioritizing initiatives and allocating resources effectively.  More than this, change data including stakeholder capability, readiness and impact levels can be critical to determine when releases should happen, the priority of releases, and the sequencing of releases.

Ill-prepared or insufficiently skilled stakeholders may require longer time to adapt to the change.  Also, looking beyond the project itself, by understanding the overall change landscape for the impacted stakeholders, change releases may need to be chunked and packaged accordingly to maximise adoption success.

Key attention should also be paid to the impact on business performance of impacted stakeholders, not just from a change volume perspective, but also from a strategy perspective in terms of how best to reduce risk of performance disruptions.  Is it through exemplary middle leadership?  Or frontline engagement?  Or the power of change champions embedded across the business?

At the enterprise level, data-driven change management enables organizations to scale agile practices consistently and coherently across the entire team across multiple portfolios. This involves the use of enterprise-level dashboards and analytics tools that provide a holistic view of the organization’s agile transformation. Key performance indicators (KPIs) such as employee impact data, adoption rates, readiness metrics and productivity metrics help leaders assess the effectiveness of change initiatives and identify areas that require additional support or intervention. For instance, tracking the adoption rate of agile practices across different departments can highlight areas where additional training or coaching is needed to ensure consistent implementation.

Integrating change management with scaled agile methodologies is essential for seamless product delivery in today’s dynamic business environment. By creating agile-style deliverable artefacts early, continuously adapting engagement activities, supporting agile delivery cadence, and implementing change activities as small experiments, measure change progress and outcomes, change managers can effectively support agile product delivery. This integration not only enhances the success of change initiatives but also ensures that product delivery is seamless and aligned with organizational goals and the strategic plan.

By fostering collaboration, embracing agile principles, and using data-driven insights, change managers can create a cohesive strategy that maximizes the benefits of both change management and agile methodologies. This holistic approach ensures that change initiatives are successful, stakeholders are engaged, and product delivery is efficient and effective.

To read more about Change Measurement, check out our library of articles here.

Chat to us to find out more about how to leverage the power of a change measurement platform to sustain your single source of truth to support your scaled agile organisation.

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Change Management Impact Analysis: A Human-Centred Approach

Change Management Impact Analysis: A Human-Centred Approach

What is change management impact analysis and why is it important?

Change management impact analysis assesses how changes affect an organization, its processes, and employees. It identifies potential risks and facilitates smoother transitions by preparing stakeholders for adjustments. This analysis is crucial as it minimizes disruptions, enhances employee buy-in, and ensures successful implementation of change initiatives for long-term success.

Map change impacts along user journey and

create experience-based change impact assessment.

60 min

4+ People

What you’ll need

REMOTE

Video conferencing with screen sharing

Digital collaboration tool (Zoom, Hangout)

IN-PERSON

Whiteboard

Markers

Post-it notes

Timer

Instructions for running this Playbook

1. Background

In organizational change, change impact assessments or change impact analysis are usually conducted from a ‘top down’ perspective where the process/system or solution that is changed is translated into what it means for the impacted group of users. In terms of best practices, this may not sufficiently take into account detailed impacts that users undergo and related experiences throughout the change journey.

A human-centred approach to assessing the impact of change takes a bottom-up and humanistic approach to successful change. This integrated well with agile projects where there is focus on user journey and user profiles. The design of this session is aimed to leverage from a wide-range of project and business representatives to holistically understand stakeholder impacts.

This is a workshop with key stakeholders to map key user impacts which informs the content of detailed impact assessment.

2. Prep

This session is beneficial when there is sufficient understanding of what the change is in the scope of the change, i.e. the defined solution from the project, areas of impact and initial assessment findings. You can also organise a session for each iteration given there is sufficient change to warrant the session.

The following elements are critical before organising the session:

  1. User journey – To ensure this can be referenced and utilised to illustrate the journey the user will go through in using the solution
  2. User role profiles – To ensure that critical user profiles are clearly understood so that these can be utilised to outline their usage journeys
  3. Change approach or Change Canvas – To help illustrate critical aspects of how users will be engaged be supported to use the designed solution
  4. High level change impact assessment
  5. Business representatives from impacted areas that can be leveraged to paint a picture of what stakeholder experiences could be
  6. Empathy Map Canvas template. Visit this link to download the template by Dave Gray.

Scheduling:

Schedule the meeting when there is sufficient understanding of the solution and business processes to aid your data collection and a sufficient understanding of the change. Clarify this with your project manager or business analyst as required.

Who:

Include key project team members such as the following job roles: the project manager, business owner, lead developer, business analyst, and user-design specialist. Also include business representatives from the different groups of impacted business areas who are familiar with potential consequences of change impacts, potential disruptions and likely mitigation strategies.

Organisation:

Prior to the session undertake the following preparation in you session resource allocation:

  1. Thoroughly understand the user journey process and anticipate potential change impacts ahead of the session (even if you don’t have the thorough change impact assessment)
  2. Map out impacted stakeholder groups by role across each impacted business area. Decide key roles that you want to focus on in the session as a part of the proposed change, versus trying to cover all roles
  3. Work with business representatives to highlight change impacts ahead of the session if there is a lot to cover or if the change is particularly complex. Capture these visually to show during the session
  4. Organise key artefacts such as empathy map, user journey, etc.

TIP: DESIGN

Focus as much on what a typical experience would be like from an end-user perspective versus on the technicalities of the solution itself.

Position the various scenarios and challenges that the user faces and walk through how these are resolved by the solution.

TIP: WHAT TO AVOID

Focus on the change impacts of the user in terms of experiences. Don’t just focus on the user experience and profile without sufficiently capturing what the impacts mean to the user’s experience.

3. Run the session

Intro – 5-10 min

Walk through the purpose of the session and why this is required. Emphasise how important it is to incorporate a user-centric view of change impacts in order to design effective change experiences.

  1. Overview user journey and key impacted roles – 10 min
  2. Review key user journeys for selected key impacted stakeholder groups
  3. Highlight key change impacts
  4. Use empathy map to discuss the impacts for key user roles – 40 min
  5. Walkthrough the empathy map concept and explain key components
  6. Create an empathy map for each key impacted role
  7. For each empathy map, refer back to the user journey and key identified impacts from the high level impact assessment as a start
  8. Key focus and capture is on the IMPACTS of the change after understanding the user experience. E.g. The customer service rep needs to answer customer enquiries efficiently and they often feel frustrated by how slow the system response is. The impact of the new system is that it will alleviate this pain for them.

4. Capturing outcomes

At the end of the session, capture any key actions, timeline, valuable insights, stakeholder engagement ideas and a follow up session as required.

What to do with the output?

After you’ve written up the empathy map for each impacted role. Utilise these to build the detailed change impact assessment as a core part of effective change management in a systematic way. As a result, the change impact assessment will incorporate user experiences that are valuable when you start to create the change plan and the change strategy in driving towards the future state from the current state, ensuring smooth transition.

Revert back to business representatives and others in the session to verify the details captured and ensure nothing critical is missed.

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OCM Deliverables: Your Comprehensive Structural Guide

OCM Deliverables: Your Comprehensive Structural Guide

Have you ever wondered why change management deliverables as a part of the overall OCM solution are structured and sequenced the way they are in effective change management plans?

Organisational change management deliverables are defined as the data that is put in use in every activity in a change-management. Besides activities, deliverables can form an integral part of any change management project.

There is an inherent logical flow from which change deliverables feed into the next. This means that subpar quality in the deliverable earlier on happens if the work is inadequately carried out. Also, this will likely flow into the rest of the deliverables.

For the change management team, change management deliverables start out very high-level. Earlier in the project development lifecycle, there is a lot of unknown details which stops you from conducting detailed stakeholder management assessment and a communication plan. Moreover, there are lots of questions that cannot be answered about the nature of the change, what the new processes are, and training needs. More details presents itself as the project progresses through each phase. Therefore, the change practitioner is able to populate and document various details, including what the change means and how stakeholders will be impacted (i.e. the change impact assessment).

Eventually, each change deliverable contributes to the next, resulting in a detailed change plan. The change plan is a culmination of a detailed understanding. Also, it’s an assessment of the impacted stakeholders and what the changes will mean to them. Therefore, the respective change interventions within the change initiative that are critical to transition these key stakeholders from the current to future state. Change management communication, change readiness assessment and stakeholder engagement plan as well as effective training plan also form a core part of the change plan.

Along with the change management process as a part of the change strategy, one should create a system for managing scope of the change. Good project managers apply these components effectively to ensure project success through careful planning. Whether it’s a sudden change of personnel, new technology changes, change resistance or an unexpectedly poor quarter; Change managers should be adaptable enough to conduct risk assessment to apply the appropriate mitigations and changes to your plan to accommodate your company’s new needs.

For more details about the structure and flow of change deliverables download our infographic here.

What are the functions of change management?

Change management functions encompass planning, implementation, and monitoring of organizational changes. The change process ensures smooth transitions by managing effective communication of change impact, training efforts, and support to ensure positive outcomes. Additionally, it assesses impacts and adapts strategies into change management tasks to minimize resistance, ultimately fostering a culture that embraces change for improved overall performance and employee satisfaction.

What are some of the benefits of using data science in change?

What are some of the benefits of using data science in change?

Change management is often seen as a ‘soft’ discipline that is more an ‘art’ than science.  However, successful change management, like managing a business, relies on having the right data to understand if the journey is going in the right direction toward change adoption.  The data can inform whether the objectives will be achieved or not.

Data science has emerged to be one of the most sought-after skills in the marketplace at the moment.  This is not a surprise because data is what powers and drives our digital economy.  Data has the power to make or break companies.  Companies that leverages data can significant improve customer experiences, improve efficiency, improve revenue, etc. In fact all facets of how a company is run can benefit from data science.  In this article, we explore practical data science techniques that organizations can use to improve change outcomes and achieve their goals more effectively.

  1. Improved decision making

One of the significant benefits of using data science in change management is the ability to make informed decisions. Data science techniques, such as predictive analytics and statistical analysis, allow organizations to extract insights from data that would be almost impossible to detect or analyse manually. This enables organizations to make data-driven decisions that are supported by empirical evidence rather than intuition or guesswork.

  1. Increased Efficiency

Data science can help streamline the change management process and make it more efficient. By automating repetitive tasks, such as data collection, cleaning, and analysis, organizations can free up resources and focus on more critical aspects of change management. Moreover, data science can provide real-time updates and feedback, making it easier for organizations to track progress, identify bottlenecks, and adjust the change management plan accordingly.

  1. Improved Accuracy

Data science techniques can improve the accuracy of change management efforts by removing bias and subjectivity from decision-making processes. By relying on empirical evidence, data science enables organizations to make decisions based on objective facts rather than personal opinions or biases. This can help reduce the risk of errors and ensure that change management efforts are based on the most accurate and reliable data available.

  1. Better Risk Management

Data science can help organizations identify potential risks and develop contingency plans to mitigate those risks. Predictive analytics can be used to forecast the impact of change management efforts and identify potential risks that may arise during the transition.  For example, change impacts across multiple initiatives against seasonal operations workload peaks and troughs. 

  1. Enhanced Communication

Data science can help facilitate better communication and collaboration between stakeholders involved in the change management process. By presenting data in a visual format, such as graphs, charts, and maps, data science can make complex information more accessible and understandable to all stakeholders. This can help ensure that everyone involved in the change management process has a clear understanding of the goals, objectives, and progress of the transition.

Key data science approaches in change management

Conduct a Data Audit

Before embarking on any change management initiative, it’s essential to conduct a data audit to ensure that the data being used is accurate, complete, and consistent.  For example, data related to the current status or the baseline, before change takes place.  A data audit involves identifying data sources, reviewing data quality, and creating a data inventory. This can help organizations identify gaps in data and ensure that data is available to support the change management process.  This includes any impacted stakeholder status or operational data.

During a data audit, change managers should ask themselves the following questions:

  1. What data sources from change leaders and key stakeholders do we need to support the change management process?
  2. Is the data we are using accurate and reliable?
  3. Are there any gaps in our data inventory?
  4. What data do we need to collect to support our change management initiatives, including measurable impact data?

Using Predictive Analytics

Predictive analytics is a valuable data science technique that can be used to forecast the impact of change management initiatives. Predictive analytics involves using historical data to build models that can predict the future impact of change management initiatives. This can help organizations identify potential risks and develop proactive strategies to mitigate those risks.

Change managers can use predictive analytics to answer the following questions:

  1. What is the expected impact of our change management initiatives?
  2. What are the potential risks associated with our change management initiatives?
  3. What proactive strategies can we implement to mitigate those risks?
  4. How can we use predictive analytics to optimize the change management process?

Leveraging Business Intelligence

Business intelligence is a data science technique that involves using tools and techniques to transform raw data into actionable insights. Business intelligence tools can help organizations identify trends, patterns, and insights that can inform the change management process. This can help organizations make informed decisions, improve communication, and increase the efficiency of change management initiatives.

Change managers can use business intelligence to answer the following questions:

  1. What insights can we gain from our data?
  2. What trends and patterns are emerging from our data?
  3. How can we use business intelligence to improve communication and collaboration among stakeholders?
  4. How can we use business intelligence to increase the efficiency of change management initiatives?

Using Data Visualization

Data visualization is a valuable data science technique that involves presenting data in a visual format such as graphs, charts, and maps. Data visualization can help organizations communicate complex information more effectively and make it easier for stakeholders to understand the goals, objectives, and progress of change management initiatives. This can improve communication and increase stakeholder engagement in the change management process.

Change managers can use data visualization to answer the following questions:

  1. How can we present our data in a way that is easy to understand?
  2. How can we use data visualization to communicate progress and results to stakeholders?
  3. How can we use data visualization to identify trends and patterns in our data?
  4. How can we use data visualization to increase stakeholder engagement in the change management process?

Monitoring and Evaluating Progress

Monitoring and evaluating progress is a critical part of the change management process. Data science techniques, such as statistical analysis and data mining, can be used to monitor progress and evaluate the effectiveness of change management initiatives. This can help organizations identify areas for improvement, adjust the change management plan, and ensure that change management initiatives are achieving the desired outcomes.

Change managers can use monitoring and evaluation techniques to answer the following questions:

  1. How can we measure the effectiveness of our change management initiatives? (e.g. employee engagement, customer satisfaction, business outcomes, etc.) And what method do we use to collect the data? E.g. surveys or focus groups?
  2. What data do we need to collect to evaluate the change initiative progress?
  3. How can we use statistical analysis and data mining to identify areas for improvement?
  4. How can we use monitoring of ongoing support or continuous improvement?

The outlined approaches are some of the key ways in which we can use data science to manage the change process.  Change practitioners should invest in their data science capability and adopt data science techniques to drive effective change management success.  Stakeholders will take more notice of change management status and they may also better understand the value of managing change.  Most importantly, data helps to achieve change objectives.

Check out The Ultimate Guide to Measuring Change.

Also check out this article to read more about using change management software to measure change.

If you’re interested in applying data science to managing change by leveraging digital tools have a chat to us.

How to write a change management survey that is valid

How to write a change management survey that is valid

An important part of measuring meaningful change is to be able to design effective communication effectiveness change management surveys that measure the purpose of the survey it has set out to measure the level of understanding of the change. Designing and rolling out change management surveys is a core part of what a change practitioner’s role is. However, there is often little attention paid to how valid and how well designed the survey is. A survey that is not well-designed can be meaningless, or worse, misleading. Without the right understanding from survey results, a project can easily go down the wrong path. This is how this survey can be a powerful tool to ensure smooth transition for the change initiative.

Why do change management surveys need to be valid?

A survey’s validity is the extent to which it measures what it is supposed to measure. Validity is an assessment of its accuracy. This applies whether we are talking about a change readiness survey, a change adoption survey, employee engagement, employee sentiment pulse survey, or a stakeholder opinion survey.

What are the different ways to ensure that a organizational change management survey can maximise its validity and greater success?

Face validity. The first way in which a survey’s validity can be assessed is its face validity. Having good face validity is that in the view of your targeted respondents the questions measure what they aimed to measure. If your survey is measuring stakeholder readiness, then it’s about these stakeholders agreeing that your survey questions measure what they are intended to measure.

Predictive validity. If you really want to ensure that your survey questions are scientifically proven to have high validity, then you may want to search and leverage survey questionnaires that have gone through statistical validation. Predictive validity means that your survey is correlated with those surveys that have high statistical validity. This may not be the most practical for most change management professionals.

Construct validity. This is about to what extent your change survey measures the underlying attitudes and behaviours it is intended to measure. Again, this may require statistical analysis to ensure there is construct validity.

At the most basic level, it is recommended that face validity is tested prior to finalising the survey design.

How do we do this? A simple way to test the face validity is to run your survey by a select number of ‘friendly’ respondents (potentially your change champions) and ask them to rate this, followed by a meeting to review how they interpreted the meaning of the survey questions.

Alternatively, you can also design a smaller pilot group of respondents before rolling the survey out to a larger group. In any case, the outcome is to test that your survey is coming across with the same intent as to how your respondents interpret them.

Techniques to increase survey validity

1. Clarity of question-wording.

This is the most important part of designing an effective and valid survey. This is a critical part of the change management strategy. The question wording should be that any person in your target audience can read it and interpret the question in exactly the same way.

  1. Use simple words that anyone can understand, and avoid jargon where possible unless the term is commonly used by all of your target respondents
  2. Use short questions where possible to avoid any interpretation complexities, and also to avoid the typical short attention spans of respondents. This is also particularly important if your respondents will be completing the survey on mobile phones
  3. Avoid using double-negatives, such as “If the project sponsor can’t improve how she engages with the team, what should she avoid doing?”

2. Avoiding question biases

A common mistake in writing survey questions is to word them in a way that is biased toward one particular opinion which may lead to biased employee feedback. This assumes that the respondents already have a particular point of view and therefore the question may not allow them to select answers that they would like to select.

Some examples of potentially biased survey questions (if these are not follow-on questions from previous questions):

  1. Is the information you received helping you to communicate effectively to your team members through appropriate communication channels?
  2. How do you adequately support the objectives of the project
  3. From what communication mediums do your employees give you feedback about the project

3. Providing all available answer options

Writing an effective employee survey question means thinking through all the options that the respondent may come up with regarding the upcoming change. After doing this, incorporate these options into the answer design. Avoid answer options that are overly simple and may not meet respondent needs in terms of choice options.

4. Ensure your chosen response options are appropriate for the question.

Choosing appropriate response options may not always be straightforward. There are often several considerations, including:

  1. What is the easiest response format for the respondents?
  2. What is the fastest way for respondents to answer, and therefore increase my response rate?
  3. Does the response format make sense for every question in the survey?

For example, if you choose a Likert scale, choosing the number of points in the Likert scale to use is critical.

  1. If you use a 10-point Likert scale, is this going to make it too complicated for the respondent to interpret between 7 and 8 for example?
  2. If you use a 5-point Likert scale, will respondents likely resort to the middle, i.e. 3 out of 5, out of laziness or not wanting to be too controversial? Is it better to use a 6-point scale and force the user not to sit in the middle of the fence with their responses?
  3. If you are using a 3-point Likert scale, for example, High/Medium/Low, is this going to provide sufficient granularity that is required in case there are too many items where users are rating medium, therefore making it hard for you to extract answer comparisons across items?

5. If in doubt leave it out

There is a tendency to cram as many questions in the survey as possible because change practitioners would like to find out as much as possible from the respondents. However, this typically leads to poor outcomes including poor completion rates. So, when in doubt leave the question out and only focus on those questions that are absolutely critical to measure what you are aiming to measure.

6.Open-ended vs close-ended questions

To increase the response rate of change readiness survey questions, it is common practice to use closed-ended questions where the user selects from a prescribed set of answers. This is particularly the case when you are conducting quick pulse surveys to sense-check the sentiments of key stakeholder groups. Whilst this is great to ensure a quick, and painless survey experience for users, relying purely on closed-ended questions may not always give us what we need.

It is always good practice to have at least one open-ended question to allow the respondent to provide other feedback outside of the answer options that are predetermined. This gives your stakeholders the opportunity to provide qualitative feedback in ways you may not have thought of. This may include items that indicate employee resistance, opinions regarding the work environment, new ways of working, or requiring additional support.

To read more about how to measure change visit our Knowledge page under Change Analytics & Reporting.

Writing an effective and valid change management survey best practices for a specific change initiative is often glanced over as a critical skill. Being aware of the above 6 points will get you a long way in ensuring that your survey addresses areas of concern in a way that aligns with your change management process and strategy and will measure what it is intended to measure. As a result, the survey results will be more bullet-proof to potential criticisms and ensure the results are valid, providing information that can be trusted by your stakeholders.